Read 1 Samuel 17

God or Goliath?

The Philistines were one of the great enemies of Israel. Israel had won at Michmash and it took many years for the Philistines to recover from that defeat. Their most fearsome champion at this time was Goliath, a giant from Gath. The armor this giant was wearing was very heavy as described by the inspired writer.

Goliath taunted the Israelites. He was confident that no one could defeat him. He was big and strong and well-protected. He was so confident that he issued such a challenge that the loser’s side would be servants of the winner’s. “I defy the armies of Israel this day; give me a man, that we may fight together” (1 Samuel 17:10).

The response of Saul and the Israelite army, while not surprising, is disappointing. “When Saul and all Israel heard these words of the Philistine, they were dismayed and greatly afraid” (1 Samuel 17:11). Never mind what God had done in delivering the people out of Egypt; forget all the times he had raised up judges to deliver them from their oppressors. Even in the days of Saul himself, had God not shown Himself to be stronger than Israel’s foes? Yet, time and time again, the people show dismay and fear.

There was one young man, however, that was not afraid. He was not even a part of the army, but when he heard the jeers of Goliath, David wondered at the Israelites’ reaction. “For who is this uncircumcised Philistine, that he should defy the armies of the living God?” (1 Samuel 17:26). David knew the power of God, even if everyone else had forgotten.

We are going to face Goliaths in our lives. The challenges hurled at the people of God today come in many forms: physical persecution, societal discrimination, and sadly, sometimes, trouble from within the church itself. We serve the same God that David served, and He is still bigger than any problem we may face.

Let us have the same attitude as David, who said to the king, “Let no man’s heart fail because of him; your servant will go and fight with this Philistine” (1 Samuel 17:32). Face the problem head-on, knowing that God will be victorious when all is said and done!

Read 1 Samuel 16:1-13

Don’t Judge a Book by Its Cover

It was time to prepare for a new king. Much like the anointing of Saul earlier in the book, the anointing of David was done secretly. While God would identify David as the next king, it was not time yet to place him upon the throne.

Samuel came to Jesse’s house and, one by one, examined his sons. He thought the oldest, Eliab, would be the next king of Israel. God, however, explained to Samuel, “Do not look at his appearance or at the height of his stature, because I have refused him. For the Lord does not see as man sees; for man looks at the outward appearance, but the Lord looks at the heart” (1 Samuel 16:7).

You may recall what was said of Saul, “There was not a more handsome person than he among the children of Israel. From his shoulders upward he was taller than any of the people” (1 Samuel 9:2). He looked like a king, and to Samuel, Eliab did as well.

The process is repeated with each of Jesse’s eldest sons, including Abinadab and Shammah. None of them were chosen as Saul’s successor. Finally, the youngest of Jesse’s sons, described as “ruddy, with bright eyes, and good-looking” (1 Samuel 16:12), was called to Samuel. It was upon the appearance of David that God said, “Arise, anoint him; for this is the one!” (1 Samuel 16:12).

We must be careful that we do not overlook someone in need of the gospel simply because they don’t fit our preconceived ideas of what a Christian looks like. In fact, those are often the very people who may be more receptive to the gospel message!

There are multiple warnings in the Scriptures against judging someone based upon appearances. In the first century, anyone who was not a Jew was prevented from hearing the gospel until Peter preached to Cornelius, and even Peter needed to be convinced that God approved of such!

Everyone is a candidate for God’s grace! The apostle Paul wrote, “There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is neither male nor female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus” (Galatians 3:28). Don’t judge a book by its cover; take the gospel to everyone!

Read 1 Samuel 14:1-23

Nothing Restrains the Lord

In sharp contrast to the foolish self-exaltation of his father Saul, Jonathan shines as an example of trust in God’s faithfulness and power. Notice what he says to his armorbearer in 1 Samuel 14:6: “Come, let us go over to the garrison of these uncircumcised; it may be that the LORD will work for us. For nothing restrains the LORD from saving by many or by few.”

Many examples of this very truth are found within the Scriptures. One may consider the conquest of Canaan accomplished by the Lord through the leadership of Joshua, or God’s subduing of the Midianites through Gideon’s judgeship. Here Jonathan and the young man who bore his armor went up against the Philistines, a foolish adventure in the mind of man, but “nothing restrains the LORD from saving by many or by few.” Jonathan put his full trust in the true God of heaven.

There is a stark contrast between Jonathan’s faith in this instance and his father Saul’s rash behavior. While the king began to inquire of the Lord by calling for the ark of God, he was too impatient to wait for God’s answer. Impatience often leads one to make mistakes. Saul’s decision to enter the battle without God’s instruction led to “very great confusion” (1 Samuel 14:20). Still, Jonathan’s faith was proven in the end as “the LORD saved Israel that day, and the battle shifted to Beth Aven” (1 Samuel 14:23).

We must have faith in what God has revealed to us today. He will not give us any revelation other than what has been preserved in our Bible (Galatians 1:6-9). Do not fall for the shysters and the conmen who proclaim to be prophets in this 21st century; they are not speaking “the whole counsel of God” (Acts 20:27). Many modern-day “pastors” (which are not pastors in the Biblical sense) will tell half-truths but stop short of God’s truth.

Let us have the wisdom of Jonathan, who trusted in God despite the odds against him. Let us shun the foolishness of Saul, who simply could not stand to wait for God’s instructions and had to do things his own way. Friends, our way will not save anyone. Only God’s way—that which was revealed through the inspired penmen of the Bible—will lead to eternal life. Whose way are you following?

Read 1 Samuel 13:1-15

Good Intentions Do Not Excuse Sin

The battle with the Philistines apparently was not going according to plan. Saul’s army was three thousand strong, divided between himself and his son Jonathan. The Philistines responded to Saul’s attack with thirty thousand chariots, six thousand horsemen, and with so many soldiers “as the sand which is on the seashore in multitude” (1 Samuel 13:5). Israel’s response was understandably one of fear and distress; the text says that “the people hid in caves, in thickets, in rocks, in holes, and in pits” (1 Samuel 13:6).

Saul remained in Gilgal with some “trembling” followers. He waited for Samuel to arrive. He waited seven days. I imagine he was anxiously looking for the prophet, perhaps setting a man on some high ground to see as far as he could see and know as soon as Samuel was approaching. Had Samuel not set the time of his arrival? Saul waited, but his patience wore thin. The people that had stayed with him finally scattered. They, like the rest of Israel, were scared. Saul could wait no longer.

“Bring a burnt offering and peace offerings here to me,” he demanded (1 Samuel 13:9). He waited, but not long enough. “Now it happened, as soon as he had finished presenting the burnt offering, that Samuel came” (1 Samuel 13:10).

Samuel knew what had happened. He confronted the king about his sin. What was Saul’s response? “I felt compelled” (1 Samuel 13:12). Scared by the Philistine army, facing danger all alone, Saul “felt compelled” to do something. But it was not the something that God had commanded.

Samuel tells Saul that he had acted “foolishly” (1 Samuel 13:13). Is that not always the case when we disobey the Lord? It is right to do what is right; it is foolish to sin. Always! “You have not kept the commandment of the LORD your God, which He commanded you” (1 Samuel 13:13).

When God says to do something, we should do that thing. We must not look for loopholes or offer excuses for disobedience. If He says sing, we should sing. It does not matter if we “felt compelled” to do more. God said to do a specific thing; we should honor His command, whether it relates to worship or salvation or the way we live our everyday lives in this world. Good intentions do not excuse sin!

Read 1 Samuel 12

The Good and the Right Way

The people refused to heed the warnings. Frightened by the Ammonites and despite all the Lord had done for them through Moses and Aaron, despite God’s deliverance of the people through the judgeships of Jerubbaal (Gideon), Bedan (possibly a reference to Barak), Jephthah, and Samuel, despite the peace they enjoyed during times of faithfulness, Israel demanded a king. In so doing, they had rejected God.

Samuel said that the people’s “wickedness is great, which you have done in the sight of the Lord, in asking a king for yourselves” (1 Samuel 12:17). After the sign of the thunder and rain, the people finally realized that they had indeed “added to all our sins the evil of asking a king for ourselves” (1 Samuel 12:20).

Yet, God would not give up on them. Israel still had a choice to make, even after this rejection. “If you will fear the Lord and serve Him and obey His voice, and do not rebel against the commandment of the Lord, then both you and the king who reigns over you will continue following the Lord your God. However, if you do not obey the voice of the Lord, but rebel against the commandment of the Lord, then the hand of the Lord will be against you, as it was against your fathers” (1 Samuel 12:14-15). God was giving them a chance to remain faithful even in less-than-ideal circumstances.

Do we not have the same opportunity today? When we sin and find ourselves facing consequences, do we bemoan our situation and wonder why God has allowed such awful things to happen? Or do we take responsibility for our mistakes and accept the outcome of our sin, and seek forgiveness and repentance and faithfulness moving forward?

What about when others sin against us? Let us not forget the example of Samuel. Even though he was demoted in the eyes of the people, he remained loyal to God and to God’s will for the nation. “Moreover, as for me, far be it from me that I should sin against the Lord in ceasing to pray for you; but I will teach you the good and the right way” (1 Samuel 12:23).

Yes, even when people sin against us, we should pray for them and point them toward the truth of God’s Word, which is “the good and the right way.”

Read 1 Samuel 9-11

God’s Power Overcomes Our Weakness

The first king of Israel was a man from the tribe of Benjamin named Saul. When he was anointed by Samuel, he seemed to be a man of humility. Notice what he told Samuel in 1 Samuel 9:21: “Am I not a Benjamite, of the smallest of the tribes of Israel, and my family the least of all he families of the tribe of Benjamin?” Saul did not see himself as a leader at this time, but God had told Samuel otherwise.

His humility is further seen in chapter 10, when Samuel at Mizpah publicly announced the kingship of Saul. Where was Saul when the announcement was made? He was hiding! He did not want the spotlight, but he could not escape this divine calling.

Samuel told Saul that “the Spirit of the LORD will come upon you, and you will prophesy with them and be turned into another man” (1 Samuel 10:6). Indeed, it is recorded by inspiration “that God gave him another heart” (1 Samuel 10:9) and that “the Spirit of God came upon him” (1 Samuel 10:10). This is even clearer in the next chapter as he demonstrated righteous indignation at the threat of Nabash the Ammonite (1 Samuel 11:6-7).

God had called Saul to be king; Samuel had declared it before the people; Saul had demonstrated his leadership abilities against the Ammonites. Not only that, but Saul wisely refused to take the credit for his victory. When the people wanted to execute the rebellious Israelites who initially rejected Saul as king, he responded, “Not a man shall be put to death this day, for today the LORD has accomplished salvation in Israel” (1 Samuel 11:13).

What can we learn from Saul during these initial days of his anointing and leadership? We can learn humility. We must recognize that we are generally insignificant and have many shortcomings. On our own, there is little of which we can boast. Yet, when we accept God’s power, there is nothing we cannot accomplish.

We will not be miraculously endowed as Saul was, but the Spirit of God is still mighty through His Word. Submit to His will as revealed in the New Testament and we can accomplish much for Him in spite of our weaknesses.